Business legal structures are very important and can vary from business to business. The main ones to know are sole proprietor, partnership, corporations, limited liability companies (LLC). All my information comes from this website. Go check it out if you want more info! I’m just going to scratch the surface.
A sole proprietor has the most simple and traditional business structure. An entrepreneur would go into business using their name or a trade name (DBA). It may be the simplest to set up, but it does have a major setback. It does not offer protection to the owner of the business.
A partnership is a form of business ownership. Two or more people/entities can create this when they do business and lacks legal protection.
A corporation is business ownership where one legal entity is owned by many investors. There are two options: S and C corporations. There are a few differences between the two, I will focus on taxes. S corps are pass-through tax entities. Meaning, the profits/losses of the business are passed through, and are reported on the owner’s personal tax returns. C corps are separately taxed. They file a corporate tax return.
Limited liability companies make the most sense to me. It provides legal protection to the owner of the company. It protects owners from personal liability created by the business. Here is more information on how to form an LLC. It is done at a state level and cost varies between states.